![]() ![]() The climate had warmed so much that prairie ecosystems, called oak savannas, could be found occasionally as far north as what is now the US-Canadian border. Prairies started emerging in the southwestern part of Minnesota and people followed the game northward into the forests. ![]() The pines began to give way to oaks, maples, and beech. As the land continued to warm, those forests were replaced by huge stands of white pine, red pine, and jack pine. Minnesota's climate warmed, glacial lakes drained, and spruce, fir, and tundra landscapes were replaced by a growing deciduous forest of birch, aspen, and coniferous trees, such as balsam fir. To the north and east, they found wet tundra with dwarfed spruce and, to the north and west, a huge glacial lake. ![]() An Ever-Changing Landscape 12,000 years agoĮarly arrivals found a forest of thick spruce and bogs in what is now southwestern Minnesota. The Roots of the Logging and Lumbering Era ![]()
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